The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Danish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-da }} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters .
See Danish phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of the language.
Consonants
IPA
Examples
English approximations
ð ød e [ˈøːðə]
bath e
ð̩ skinne de [ˈskenð̩ðə]
th e book
f f od[ˈfoðˀ]
f an
h h at[ˈhæt]
h ill
j j ord[ˈjoɐ̯ˀ]
y ou
k g od[ˈkoðˀ]
sc an
kʰ k one[ˈkʰoːnə]
c ar
l l ov[ˈlɒʊ̯]
l ake
l̩ sole n [ˈsoːˀl̩n]
bottle
m m od[ˈmoðˀ]
m an
m̩ Køben havn [kʰøpm̩ˈhaʊ̯ˀn]
rhythm
n n ode[ˈnoːðə]
n oon
n̩ vinden [ˈvenˀn̩]
sudden
ŋ lang [ˈlaŋˀ]
ring
ŋ̍ ryggen [ˈʁœkŋ̍]
like ring but longer
p b og[ˈpɔʊ̯ˀ]
sp are
pʰ p ol[ˈpʰoːˀl]
p ack
ʁ r ød[ˈʁœðˀ]
French par ler
s s od[ˈsoðˀ]
s oon
ɕ Sj ælland[ˈɕɛˌlænˀ] [1] sh eep
t d åb[ˈtɔːˀp]
st art
tˢ t ak[ˈtˢak]
t oo
tɕ tj ener[ˈtɕeːnɐ] [1] ch in
v v åd[ˈvɔðˀ]
v ery
Semivowels
ɐ̯ er [ˈæɐ̯] [2] near
ɪ̯ mig [ˈmaɪ̯] [2] day
ʊ̯ hav [ˈhaʊ̯] "ocean"[2] now
Vowels
IPA
Examples
English approximation
a ta k [ˈtˢak]
a rt
aː bar n [ˈpaːˀn]
fa ther
ɒ o g[ˈɒʊ̯] , å nd[ˈɒnˀ]
o ff
ɒː i går [i ˈkɒːˀ]
do g
æ fri sk [ˈfʁæsk] , ka t [ˈkʰæt]
ha t
æː ga de [ˈkæːðə]
be d
e fe d [ˈfeðˀ] "fat"
somewhat like fa ce
ɛ ve n [ˈvɛn]
eː he l [ˈheːˀl]
somewhat like pha se
ɛː hæ l [ˈhɛːˀl]
i ti sse [ˈtˢisə]
lea f
iː si [ˈsiːˀ]
lea ve
o flo d [ˈfloðˀ]
somewhat like oa k
ɔ o st[ˈɔst]
oː ko ne [ˈkʰoːnə]
somewhat like go
ɔː må le [ˈmɔːlə]
ø nø d [ˈnøðˀ]
somewhat like nur se
œ bø nne [ˈpœnə]
ɶ tø r [ˈtˢɶɐ̯ˀ]
øː lø ber [ˈløːpɐ] "runner"
somewhat like fur
œː afgrø de [ˈæʊ̯kʁœːðə]
ɶː rø re [ˈʁɶːɐ]
u u d[ˈuðˀ]
boo t
uː hu le [ˈhuːlə]
foo d
y ty k [ˈtˢyk]
somewhat like cu te
yː sy nlig [ˈsyːnli]
somewhat like feu d
Stress
ˈ ˌ husmor [ˈhusˌmoɐ̯]
Stød
ˀ ti [ˈtˢiːˀ]
butt on
Unstressed-only
ɐ løber [ˈløːpɐ] "runner"
bu t
ə hoppe [ˈhɒpə]
bala nce
ɪ kage [ˈkʰæːɪ] [3] hi t
ʊ mave [ˈmæːʊ] [3] foo t
References
^ a b [tɕ] is phonemically /tˢj/ , and [ɕ] is phonemically /sj/ .^ a b c Diphthongs with an underlying long vowel always have stød [eɪ̯, ɛɪ̯, æɪ̯, øɪ̯, æʊ̯, oʊ̯, ɔʊ̯] all have an underlying long vowel and so always have stød . Conversely, [aɪ̯, ɒɪ̯, uɪ̯, aʊ̯, ɒʊ̯] have an underlying short vowel and so never have stød . The other diphthongs (including all diphthongs ending with [ɐ̯] ) appear both with and without stød (Grønnum (2005 :294)).
^ a b [ɪ] and [ʊ] are assimilatory variants of [ɪ̯ə] and [ʊ̯ə] , respectively.
Bibliography Comparisons Introductory guides
