AM-2201

AM-2201 (1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole) is a recreational designer drug that acts as a potent but nonselective full agonist for the cannabinoid receptor.[1] It is part of the AM series of cannabinoids discovered by Alexandros Makriyannis at Northeastern University.

Hazards

Convulsions have been reported[2] including at doses as low as 10 mg.[3]

Recreational use of AM-2201 in the United States has led to it being specifically listed in a proposed 2011 amendment to the Controlled Substances Act, aiming to add a number of synthetic drugs into Schedule I.[4]

Pharmacology

AM-2201 is a full agonist for cannabinoid receptors. Affinities are: with a Ki of 1.0 nM at CB1 and 2.6 nM at CB2.[5] The 4-methyl functional analog MAM-2201 probably has similar affinities.[original research?] AM-2201 has an EC50 of 38 nM for human CB1 receptors, and 58 nM for human CB2 receptors.[6] AM-2201 produces bradycardia and hypothermia in rats at doses of 0.3–3 mg/kg, comparable to the potency of JWH-018 in rats, suggesting potent cannabinoid-like activity.[6]

Pharmacokinetics

See also: JWH-018 § Pharmacokinetics

AM-2201 metabolism differs only slightly from that of JWH-018. AM-2201 N-dealkylation produces fluoropentane instead of pentane (or plain alkanes in general).[citation needed]

Detection

A forensic standard of AM-2201 is available, and the compound has been posted on the Forendex website of potential drugs of abuse.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Wilkinson SM, Banister, Kassiou M (2015). "Bioisosteric Fluorine in the Clandestine Design of Synthetic Cannabinoids". Australian Journal of Chemistry. 68 (1): 4–8. doi:10.1071/CH14198.
  2. ^ McQuade D, Hudson S, Dargan PI, Wood DM (March 2013). "First European case of convulsions related to analytically confirmed use of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist AM-2201". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 69 (3): 373–6. doi:10.1007/s00228-012-1379-2. PMID 22936123.
  3. ^ ekaJ (20 February 2011). "The Night I Killed My Friends". Erowid.org. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  4. ^ Synthetic Drug Control Act of 2011. H.R. 1254, 112th Congress, 1st Session (2011).
  5. ^ WO patent 0128557, Makriyannis A, Deng H, "Cannabimimetic indole derivatives", granted 2001-06-07 
  6. ^ a b Banister SD, Stuart J, Kevin RC, Edington A, Longworth M, Wilkinson SM, Beinat C, Buchanan AS, Hibbs DE, Glass M, Connor M, McGregor IS, Kassiou M (August 2015). "Effects of bioisosteric fluorine in synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs JWH-018, AM-2201, UR-144, XLR-11, PB-22, 5F-PB-22, APICA, and STS-135". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 6 (8): 1445–58. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00107. PMID 25921407.
  7. ^ "Southern Association of Forensic Scientists". Archived from the original on 2014-09-10. Retrieved 2013-07-16.