The accent that has been used here as a model is Urban East Norwegian, which is an unofficial pronunciation standard of Bokmål that is spoken in the Oslo region and most commonly taught to foreigners.
See also Norwegian phonology for more details about pronunciation of Norwegian.
simple primary stress in certain accents: [ˈbœnːər][8]
²
bønner [²bœnːər] [²bœnːəʁ]
Tone 2 / grave accent:
falling-rising tone in Oslo and Trondheim: [ˈbœ̂nːə̌r]
rising-falling tone in Bergen: [ˈbœ̌nːə̂ʁ]
falling-falling tone in Stavanger: [ˈbœ̂nːɔ̂ʁ]
simple primary stress in certain accents: [ˈbœnːər][8]
Notes
^ abcdefIn many of the dialects that have an apicalrhotic consonant, a recursive Sandhi process of retroflexion occurs, and clusters of /r/ and dental consonants /rd/, /rl/, /rn/, /rs/, /rt/ produce retroflex consonant realizations: [ɖ], [ɭ], [ɳ], [ʂ], [ʈ]. In dialects with a guttural R[ʁ], such as Southern and Western Norwegian dialects, they are [ʁd], [ʁl], [ʁn], [ʁs], [ʁt].
^/r/ varies considerably in different dialects: it is alveolar (tapped or trilled) in some dialects and uvular in others.
^ abcdBefore /r/, the quality of non-high front vowels is changed: /eː/ and /ɛ/ lower to [æː] and [æ].
^ abcdThe distinction between compressed [ʉ] and protruded [y] is particularly difficult to hear for non-native speakers:
Norwegian compressed [ʉ] sounds very close to German compressed [ʏ] (as in müssen[ˈmʏsn̩]).
Norwegian protruded [ʏ] sounds more similar to English unrounded [ɪ] (as in hit) than to German compressed [ʏ], and it is very close to Swedish protruded [ʏ] (as in syll[sʏlː]).
Similarly,
Norwegian compressed [ʉː] sounds very close to German compressed [yː] (as in üben[ˈyːbn̩]).
Norwegian protruded [yː] sounds more similar to English unrounded [iː] (as in leave) than to German compressed [yː], and it is very close to Swedish protruded [yː] (as in syl[syːl]).
^ abc[ɑɪ, ɛɪ, ɔʏ] appear only in loanwords. [ɛɪ] is used only by some younger speakers, who contrast it with [æɪ]; speakers who do not have [ɛɪ] in their diphthong inventory replace it with [æɪ] (Kristoffersen (2000:19)).
^ abSome accents have a simple primary stress rather than a contrastive pitch accent. In those accents, bønder (meaning 'farmers') and bønner (meaning 'beans') are pronounced exactly the same.
References
Berulfsen, Bjarne (1969), Norsk Uttaleordbok (in Norwegian), Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard)
Kristoffersen, Gjert (2000), The Phonology of Norwegian, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-823765-5
Kvifte, Bjørn; Gude-Husken, Verena (2005) [First published 1997], Praktische Grammatik der norwegischen Sprache (3rd ed.), Gottfried Egert Verlag, ISBN 3-926972-54-8
Skaug, Ingebjørg (2003) [First published 1996], Norsk språklydlære med øvelser (in Norwegian) (3rd ed.), Oslo: Cappelen Akademisk Forlag AS, ISBN 82-456-0178-0
Vanvik, Arne (1979), Norsk fonetikk (in Norwegian), Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 82-990584-0-6
Vanvik, Arne (1985), Norsk Uttaleordbok: A Norwegian pronouncing dictionary, Oslo: Fonetisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 978-8299058414
