UEFA Euro 2008
The 2008 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as Euro 2008, is the 13th UEFA European Football Championship, a quadrennial football tournament for European nations. The tournament, which is being hosted by Austria and Switzerland, began on 7 June 2008 and is scheduled to conclude with the final at Ernst Happel Stadion in Vienna on 29 June 2008. It is the second successful joint bid in the competition's history. Greece were the defending champions, having won the previous tournament.
Sixteen teams are participating in the tournament. Austria and Switzerland automatically qualified as hosts; the remaining 14 teams were determined through qualifying matches, which began in August 2006. The winner of Euro 2008 will qualify for the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup in South Africa.[1]
Tournament Overview
The tournament started with Greece being the defending European champions and Italy being the defending World Champions. The tournament proper would see 16 qualifying teams compete in 4 team groups in a 3 game group stage, to decide the 8 teams to progress to a knockout stage of quarter finals, semi-finals and a final.
The qualifying process started in August 2006. Only Austria and Switzerland qualified automatically, as hosts. England were the only seeded team not to qualify for the tournament proper, whereas Russia was the only unseeded one to qualify.
Following qualifying, the draw for the final tournament took place on 2 December 2007. The draw results saw Groups C immediately labeled as the "group of death", with Italy, France and the Netherlands competing for two qualifying places. In contrast, Germany were seen to have an easy ride, as they could not meet Italy, France, the Netherlands or Spain until the final.
In the groups stages Croatia, Spain and the Netherlands all qualified with maximum points. Hosts Austria and Switzerland were not expected to progress. In Group A, Switerland lost their captain Alexander Frei in the first half of their first game to injury, became the first team to be eliminated from the tournament after losing their first two matches. Austria fared slightly better, and despite luke-warm support and even derision from the home suport prior to the tournament, they managed to take their fortunes in Group B to a third game decider against Germany, dubbed "Austria's final", which they lost by one goal meaning Germany went through. In an exciting final game in Group A, an injury and suspension hit Turkey beat the Czech Republic after an uncharacteristic handling mistake by Petr Čech caused a turnover, and joined Portugal in the knockout stages. In the group of death, Group C, France were the high profile victims, after recording only 1 point in their 0-0 draw against Romania in their first game. Italy qualified on the final day on 4 points, joining The Netherlands. In Group D, Greece failed to reproduce the form of their shock 2004 win, and ended the tournament with zero points. Russia qualified at the expense of Sweden after beating them in a final game decider, joining Spain.
In the quarter finals, Portugal could not give their coach Luiz Felipe Scolari a fitting send off, losing in an exciting game against Germany, following the announcement mid-tournament that Scolari would be leaving to join English club Chelsea F.C.. Turkey continued their good luck streak, equalising at the death of extra time against Croatia, and advancing on penalties. Coached by Dutchman Guus Hiddink, Russia eliminated the Netherlands with two extra time goals. Spain defeated Italy on penalties.
Bid process
Austria and Switzerland jointly bid to host the games, and faced major competition from Greece/Turkey, Scotland/Ireland, Russia, Hungary, Croatia/Bosnia-Herzegovina and a 4-way Nordic bid from Norway/Sweden/Denmark/Finland. Austria had already bid with another country before, which was Hungary for Euro 2004. They eventually lost to Portugal.
Austria/Switzerland, Greece/Turkey, and Hungary were recommended before the final vote. Greece and Turkey were rejected and let Hungary and Austria/Switzerland battle for the win.
The Austria/Switzerland bid is the second successful joint bid in the competition's history, following the UEFA Euro 2000 hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands. The 2012 competition in Poland and Ukraine is scheduled to become the third jointly-hosted tournament.
Venues
The tournament will be played at eight venues throughout the two host nations; four in Austria and four in Switzerland. Each venue has a capacity of at least 30,000 for the tournament; the largest stadium is Ernst Happel Stadion in Vienna with a capacity of 53,295.[2] It is for this reason that Ernst Happel Stadion will host the final. Switzerland will play all of its group stage matches at St. Jakob Park in Basel, which also hosted the opening match of the tournament as a compromise for the final being held in Vienna. Austria will play all of its group stage matches at Ernst Happel Stadion.
In 2004, the Zürich venue became a problem for the organisers. Originally, the Hardturm stadium was to be renovated and used as the city's venue, but legal challenges delayed the plan to a point that would not have allowed the ground to be used in 2008. This created a problem, as the agreement between UEFA and the organizers stipulated that four venues would be used in each country. The problem was solved when the organizers proposed renovating Letzigrund instead; UEFA approved the revised plan in January 2005. The Letzigrund stadium hosted its first football match on 23 September 2007.[3]
| Vienna | Klagenfurt | Salzburg | Innsbruck |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ernst Happel Stadion Capacity: 53,295 |
Hypo-Arena Capacity: 31,957 |
Wals Siezenheim Stadion Capacity: 31,020 |
Tivoli Neu Capacity: 31,600 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|||
| Basel | Berne | Geneva | Zürich |
| St. Jakob-Park Capacity: 42,000 |
Stade de Suisse Capacity: 31,907 |
Stade de Genève Capacity: 31,228 |
Letzigrund Capacity: 30,000 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
New trophy
A new trophy will be awarded to the winners of the Euro 2008 tournament. The new version of the Henri Delaunay Trophy, created by Asprey London,[4] is almost an exact replica of the original designed by Arthus-Bertrand. A small figure juggling a ball on the back of the original has been removed, as has the marble plinth. The silver base of the trophy also had to be enlarged to make it stable. The names of the winning countries that had appeared on the plinth have now been engraved on the back of the trophy, which is made of sterling silver, weighs 8 kilograms (17.6 lb) and is 60 centimetres (24 in) tall.
Qualifying
The draw for the qualifying round took place in Montreux, Switzerland on 27 January 2006 at 12:00 CET.
The qualifying process commenced a month after the 2006 World Cup. Austria and Switzerland automatically qualified for the tournament finals as host nations.
The qualifying format was changed compared to previous tournaments. The winners and runners-up from seven groups automatically qualified for the Championship, with the hosts filling the other two slots in the 16-team tournament. The change means there were no play-offs between teams finishing in second place in the groups – they qualified directly for the finals. Teams that finished in third place didn't have any further opportunity to qualify. Six of the qualifying groups contained seven teams, and the other, Group A, contained eight.
Qualified teams
-
1 Bold indicates champion for that year
-
2 as Czechoslovakia
-
3 as West Germany
-
4 as Soviet Union
Seeding
The draw for the final tournament took place on 2 December 2007 at the Culture and Convention Centre in Lucerne.[5]
In a return to the format used at Euro 92 and Euro 96 the games in each group will be held at just two stadia, with the seeded team remaining in the same city for all three matches. As was the case at the 2000 and 2004 finals, the finalists were divided into four seeding pots, based on average points per game in the qualifying phases of the 2006 FIFA World Cup and Euro 2008, with each group having one team from each pot. Switzerland and Austria, as co-hosts, and Greece, as defending champions, were seeded first automatically.[6][7] The Netherlands were seeded based on their UEFA coefficient in the Euro 2008 finalists ranking.
| Pot 1 | Pot 2 | Pot 3 | Pot 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Match officials
Twelve referees and twenty four assistants were selected for the tournament:[8]
| Football Association |
Referee | Assistants | |
|---|---|---|---|
 Austria |
Konrad Plautz | Egon Bereuter | Markus Mayr |
 Belgium |
Frank de Bleeckere | Peter Hermans | Alex Verstraeten |
 England |
Howard Webb | Darren Cann | Mike Mullarkey |
 Germany |
Herbert Fandel | Carsten Kadach | Volker Wezel |
 Greece |
Kyros Vassaras | Dimitiris Bozartzidis | Dimitiris Saraidaris |
 Italy |
Roberto Rosetti | Alessandro Griselli | Paolo Calcagno |
 Netherlands |
Pieter Vink | Adriaan Inia | Hans ten Hoove |
 Norway |
Tom Henning Øvrebø | Geir Åge Holen | Jan Petter Randen[9] |
 Slovakia |
Ľuboš Micheľ | Roman Slysko | Martin Balko |
 Spain |
Manuel Mejuto González | Juan Carlos Yuste Jiménez | Jesús Calvo Guadamuro |
 Sweden |
Peter Fröjdfeldt | Stefan Wittberg | Henrik Andren |
 Switzerland |
Massimo Busacca | Matthias Arnet | Stephane Cuhat |
Squads
Each nation had to submit a squad of 23 players, three of which had to be goalkeepers, by 28 May 2008. If a player was injured seriously enough to prevent him from taking part in the tournament before his team's first match, he could be replaced by another player.[10]
Results
Group stage
In the following tables:
- Pld = total games played
- W = total games won
- D = total games drawn (tied)
- L = total games lost
- GF = total goals scored (goals for)
- GA = total goals conceded (goals against)
- GD = goal difference (GF−GA)
- Pts = total points accumulated (3W+D)
Tie-breaking criteria
According to the official UEFA rules for the tournament[11], the following tie-breaking criteria will apply, in this order, should two or more teams from the same group finish with an equal number of points. In keeping with previous European championships, the head to head record between the tied teams takes precedence over goal difference.
- Number of points earned in matches between the teams in question;
- Goal difference in matches between the teams in question;
- Goals scored in matches between the teams in question;
- Goal difference in all group matches;
- Goals scored in all group matches;
- In cases where exactly two teams are equal in all previously listed criteria and play one another to a draw in their final group match,[12] kicks from the penalty mark will be conducted in lieu of the remaining criteria;
- Coefficient from the qualifying competitions for the 2006 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2008 (points obtained divided by the number of matches played);
- Fair play conduct of the teams in the group stage;
- Drawing of lots.
Group A
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portugal |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | +2 | 6 |
 Turkey |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 6 |
 Czech Republic |
3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | −2 | 3 |
| Switzerland |
3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2008-06-07 | ||
| Switzerland |
0 – 1 | Czech Republic |
| Portugal |
2 – 0 | Turkey |
| 2008-06-11 | ||
| Czech Republic |
1 – 3 | Portugal |
| Switzerland |
1 – 2 | Turkey |
| 2008-06-15 | ||
| Switzerland |
2 – 0 | Portugal |
| Turkey |
3 – 2 | Czech Republic |
- Notes on the tie-breaking situation
- Portugal and Turkey are ranked by their head-to-head records
- Czech Republic and Switzerland are ranked by their head-to-head records
Group B
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Croatia |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | +3 | 9 |
| Germany |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 6 |
| Austria |
3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | −2 | 1 |
 Poland |
3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | −3 | 1 |
| 2008-06-08 | ||
| Austria |
0 – 1 | Croatia |
| Germany |
2 – 0 | Poland |
| 2008-06-12 | ||
| Croatia |
2 – 1 | Germany |
| Austria |
1 – 1 | Poland |
| 2008-06-16 | ||
| Poland |
0 – 1 | Croatia |
| Austria |
0 – 1 | Germany |
- Notes on the tie-breaking situation
- Austria and Poland are ranked by goal difference in all of their group games as their head-to-head records are identical.
Group C
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1 | +8 | 9 |
| Italy |
3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 4 |
 Romania |
3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | −2 | 2 |
 France |
3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | −5 | 1 |
| 2008-06-09 | ||
| Romania |
0 – 0 | France |
| Netherlands |
3 – 0 | Italy |
| 2008-06-13 | ||
| Italy |
1 – 1 | Romania |
| Netherlands |
4 – 1 | France |
| 2008-06-17 | ||
| Netherlands |
2 – 0 | Romania |
| France |
0 – 2 | Italy |
Group D
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 3 | +5 | 9 |
 Russia |
3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
| Sweden |
3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 3 |
| Greece |
3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5 | −4 | 0 |
| 2008-06-10 | ||
| Spain |
4 – 1 | Russia |
| Greece |
0 – 2 | Sweden |
| 2008-06-14 | ||
| Sweden |
1 – 2 | Spain |
| Greece |
0 – 1 | Russia |
| 2008-06-18 | ||
| Greece |
1 – 2 | Spain |
| Russia |
2 – 0 | Sweden |
Knockout stage
The knockout stage is different from that of past tournaments. Teams in groups A and B will be separated from teams in groups C and D until the final. This increases the chance of a group fixture being replayed in the knockout stage, and renders impossible a final between two teams drawn in the same half of the tournament. Also, in another major change, for the first time in a European Championship, only two venues (St. Jakob-Park, Basel and Ernst Happel Stadion, Vienna—the two largest of the eight stadiums used) will be used for the seven matches in the knockout stage of the tournament.[13]
| Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Final | ||||||||
| 19 June - Basel | ||||||||||
| Portugal |
2 | |||||||||
| 25 June - Basel | ||||||||||
| Germany |
3 | |||||||||
| Germany |
||||||||||
| 20 June - Vienna | ||||||||||
| Turkey |
||||||||||
| Croatia |
1 (1) | |||||||||
| 29 June - Vienna | ||||||||||
| Turkey (p) |
1 (3) | |||||||||
| Winner of SF1 | ||||||||||
| 21 June - Basel | ||||||||||
| Winner of SF2 | ||||||||||
| Netherlands |
1 | |||||||||
| 26 June - Vienna | ||||||||||
| Russia (aet) |
3 | |||||||||
| Russia |
||||||||||
| 22 June - Vienna | ||||||||||
| Spain |
||||||||||
| Spain (p) |
0 (4) | |||||||||
| Italy |
0 (2) | |||||||||
All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
Quarter-finals
| 2008-06-19 20:45 |
Portugal |
2 – 3 | Germany |
St. Jakob-Park, Basel Attendance: 39,374 Referee: Peter Fröjdfeldt (Sweden) |
Nuno Gomes  40'Postiga 87' |
(Report) | Schweinsteiger 22' Klose 26'Ballack 61' |
| 2008-06-20 20:45 |
Croatia |
1 – 1 (a.e.t.) | Turkey |
Ernst Happel Stadion, Vienna Attendance: 51,428 Referee: Roberto Rosetti (Italy) |
| Klasnić 119' |
(Report) | Semih 120+2' |
| Penalties | |||
Modrić  Srna Rakitić Petrić |
1 – 3 | Arda Semih Hamit Altıntop |
| 2008-06-21 20:45 |
Netherlands |
1 – 3 (a.e.t.) | Russia |
St. Jakob-Park, Basel Attendance: 38,374 Referee: Ľuboš Micheľ (Slovakia) |
| van Nistelrooy 86' |
(Report) | Pavlyuchenko 56' Torbinski 112'Arshavin 116' |
| 2008-06-22 20:45 |
Spain |
0 – 0 (a.e.t.) | Italy |
Ernst Happel Stadion, Vienna Attendance: 48,000 Referee: Herbert Fandel (Germany) |
| (Report) |
| Penalties | |||
| Villa Cazorla Senna Güiza Fàbregas |
4 – 2 | Grosso De Rossi Camoranesi Di Natale |
Semi-finals
| 2008-06-25 20:45 |
Germany |
v | Turkey |
St. Jakob-Park, Basel Referee: Massimo Busacca (Switzerland) |
| 2008-06-26 20:45 |
Russia |
v | Spain |
Ernst Happel Stadion, Vienna Referee: Frank de Bleeckere (Belgium) |
Final
| 2008-06-29 20:45 |
Winner of Semi-final 1 | v | Winner of Semi-final 2 | Ernst Happel Stadion, Vienna Referee: Roberto Rosetti (Italy) |
Statistics
Goalscorers
|
|
|
Players in bold are still active in the competition
Discipline
At UEFA Euro 2008, players may be suspended from playing in subsequent matches upon the collection of a certain number of yellow or red cards. If a player is shown a red card – whether as a result of two bookable offences or a straight red – that player is suspended from playing in his team's next match. If his team is eliminated from the competition before the end of his suspension, the games carry over to the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification matches. A player is also suspended for one match for picking up two yellow cards in separate matches. However, any yellow cards accumulated are annulled once a team is eliminated from the tournament or reaches the semi-finals.[14]
In extreme cases of ill-discipline, UEFA may choose to have a disciplinary panel examine the incident in order to determine whether or not further suspension is required. One case of this at Euro 2008 was the suspension of Turkey goalkeeper Volkan Demirel for two matches for pushing Czech striker Jan Koller.[15]
The following players were suspended for one or more games as a result of red cards or yellow card accumulation:
| Player | Offence(s) | Suspension(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andrei Arshavin |
 in qualifying v Andorra |
Group D v Spain Group D v Greece |
Suspension due to red card in last game of qualifying Group E |
| Bastian Schweinsteiger |
in Group B v Croatia |
Group B v Austria | |
| Sebastian Prödl |
 in Group B v Croatia in Group B v Poland |
Group B v Germany | |
| Dorin Goian |
in Group C v France in Group C v Italy |
Group C v Netherlands | |
| Mehmet Aurélio |
in Group A v Switzerland in Group A v Czech Republic |
Quarter-final v Croatia | |
| Volkan Demirel |
in Group A v Czech Republic |
Quarter-final v Croatia Semi-final v Germany |
Suspension increased to two games for serious violent conduct |
| Éric Abidal |
in Group C v Italy |
qualifying v Austria | Suspension served in World Cup qualifying Group 7 |
| Andrea Pirlo |
in Group C v Romania in Group C v France |
Quarter-final v Spain | |
| Gennaro Gattuso |
in Group C v Netherlands in Group C v France |
Quarter-final v Spain | |
| Tuncay Şanlı |
in Group A v Switzerland in Quarter-final v Croatia |
Semi-final v Germany | |
| Arda Turan |
in Group A v Czech Republic in Quarter-final v Croatia |
Semi-final v Germany | |
| Emre Aşık |
in Group A v Czech Republic in Quarter-final v Croatia |
Semi-final v Germany | |
| Denis Kolodin |
in Group D v Sweden in Quarter-final v Netherlands |
Semi-final v Spain | |
| Dmitri Torbinski |
in Group D v Greece in Quarter-final v Netherlands |
Semi-final v Spain |
Miscellany
Match ball
The match ball for the finals was unveiled at the draw ceremony. Produced by Adidas and named the Europass, it is a 14-panel ball in the same construction as the Teamgeist, but with a modified surface design.[16] A version named the Europass Gloria will be used in the final.[17]
There have been concerns raised about the match ball because it deviates so much in flight, making it difficult to judge for goalkeepers. Notable players to criticise are Germany's Jens Lehmann and the Czech Republic's Petr Čech.[18]
Music
The official Euro 2008 song is "Can You Hear Me" by Enrique Iglesias. It will be performed live as part of the official closing ceremony after the final in Ernst Happel Stadion in Vienna on June 29. "Can You Hear Me" was written by Enrique Iglesias, Steve Morales and Frankie Storm, recorded at Circle House Studios in Miami and produced by Big Ben Diehl and Carlos Pacuar. It is 3 minutes and 44 seconds in length. The music video, directed by Paul Minor, features football tricks.
As well as the official song, two soundtracks, "Like a Superstar" and "Feel the Rush", have been recorded by Jamaican reggae artist Shaggy as mascot songs for Euro 2008. They form a musical background to video clips featuring the twin mascots Trix and Flix.
The official Swiss song for the tournament is a new version of "Bring en hei" by Baschi,[19] Christina Stürmer sings the official tournament song of Austrian ÖFB, "Fieber" (Fever).[20] Croatia manager, Slaven Bilić has recorded his country's official Euro 2008 song, "Vatreno ludilo" ("Fiery Madness"), with his rock group, Rawbau.
"Samba de Janeiro" by German dance group Bellini is played after each goal scored in the competition.[citation needed] "Seven Nation Army" by The White Stripes is played when players walk out before kick-off.[21]
Mascots
The two official mascots for UEFA Euro 2008, were named after a vote from the public of the two host nations, the options were:
- Zigi and Zagi
- Flitz and Bitz
- Trix and Flix
After receiving 36.3% of the vote, Trix and Flix were chosen. "I am sure the mascots and their names will become a vital part of the understanding of the whole event," said Christian Mutschler, who is the tournament director for Switzerland.[22]
Slogan
The slogan for UEFA Euro 2008 was chosen on 24 January 2007: Expect Emotions.
The UEFA President Michel Platini stated "It describes in a nutshell what the UEFA Euro 2008 has to offer: all kinds of emotions – joy, disappointment, relief or high tension – right up to the final whistle."[23]
Prize money
UEFA announced that total of €184 million has been offered to the 16 teams competing in this tournament, increasing from €129 million in the previous tournament. The distributions as below:[24]
- Prize for participating: €7.5 million
Extra payment based on teams performances:
- Winner: €7.5 million
- Runner-up: €4.5 million
- Semi-finals: €3 million
- Quarter-finals: €2 million
- Group stage (per match):
- Win: €1 million
- Draw: €500,000
If the winner of the tournament were to win all three matches in the group stage, they would receive a total prize of €23 million. As of prior to their semi-final with Russia, Spain is currently the only team capable of winning the maximum prize money.
Broadcasting rights
Many of the world's national broadcasters have secured broadcasting rights of the tournament, as of 16 January 2008.[25]
References
- ^ The winner of Euro 2008 will not be obliged to participate in the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup. Prior to 2004, the European and South American champions were obliged to participate in the Confederations Cup. A FIFA ruling changed this in 2004.
2005/2006 season: final worldwide matchday to be 14 May 2006. FIFA.com (19 December 2004). Retrieved on 2008-06-14. - ^ UEFA EURO 2008. fussballtempel.net. Retrieved on 2008-06-08.
- ^ Zurich - Letzigrund Stadion.
- ^ New trophy announced at UEFA site.
- ^ "Draw sets up heavyweight contests", uefa.com, 2007-12-02. Retrieved on 2007-12-02.
- ^ Format from UEFA Website.
- ^ UEFA Euro 2008 Information (PDF).
- ^ UEFA Euro 2008 referees.
- ^ Hundredeler for treig til EM-plass.
- ^ Regulations of the UEFA European Football Championship 2006/08 (PDF).
- ^ Paragraph 7.08 (Section V) of Regulations of the UEFA European Football Championship, 2006/08
- ^ "Uefa rules out Group C shoot-out", BBC Sport, 2008-06-17. Retrieved on 2008-06-17.
- ^ "Euro-Format means group rivals cannot meet again in final", Yahoo! Sports, 2008-06-03. Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
- ^ Directives on yellow cards in the EURO 2008 competition. UEFA (2006-07-11). Retrieved on 2008-06-20.
- ^ "Volkan Demirel banned", euro2008.uefa.com, 2008-06-19. Retrieved on 2008-06-20.
- ^ "adidas "EUROPASS" – the match ball with "goose bumps" for UEFA EURO 2008", Lucerne/Herzogenaurach: adidas, 2007-12-02. Retrieved on 2007-12-04.
- ^ "Final ball rolled out in Vienna", euro2008.uefa.com, 2008-04-30. Retrieved on 2008-05-30.
- ^ "Cech concerned by Euro 2008 ball", BBC Sport, 2008-06-06. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
- ^ Official UEFA EURO 2008 Song: "Can You Hear Me" by Enrique Iglesias
- ^ Christina Stürmers offizieller EM-Song heißt "Fieber" on orf.at
- ^ Seven Nation Army: the indiest football anthem ever?, The Guardian, June 18, 2008
- ^ Official Mascot Naming.
- ^ Expect Emotions at Euro 2008.
- ^ UEFA raises 2008 prize money.
- ^ UEFA Euro 2008 Broadcasting Rights (PDF).
External links
- UEFA Euro 2008 Official Site
- Travel guide for the tournament from Wikitravel
