October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 91 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
- 911 - During a siege in Constantinople, the Theotokos appeared at the church in Blachernae holding her veil over the praying faithful, among them .
- 959 - Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.
- 1189 - Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed in the Siege of Acre.
- 1787 - Russians under Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.
- 1788 - Nguyen Hue declares himself emperor of Vietnam.
- 1791 - First session of the French Legislative Assembly.
- 1795 - Belgium is conquered by France.
- 1800 - Spain cedes Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.
- 1811 - The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi River arrives in New Orléans, Louisiana.
- 1814 - Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.
- 1827 - The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.
- 1829 - South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; later to separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
- 1843 - News of the World began publication in London.
- 1847 - German inventor and industrialist Werner von Siemens founds Siemens AG & Halske.
- 1854 - The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American System of Watch Manufacturing.
- 1869 - Austria issues the world's first postcards.
- 1880 - John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Corps Band.
- 1880 - First electric lamp factory opened by Thomas Edison.
- 1885 - United States begins special-delivery mail service.
- 1886 - The U.S. mint in Carson City, Nevada, closes.
- 1887 - Balochistan conquered by the British Empire.
- 1890 - The Yosemite National Park and the Yellowstone National Park are established by the U.S. Congress.
- 1891 - In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors.
- 1894 - First meeting of The Owl Club of Cape Town.
- 1898 - Czar Nikolay II expels Jews from major Russian cities.
- 1898 - The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.
- 1903 - Baseball: The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.
- 1905 - František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905.
- 1908 - Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825.
- 1910 - Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 21.
- 1918 - World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence (a/k/a "Lawrence of Arabia") capture Damascus.
- 1920 - Sir Percy Cox landed in Basra to assume his responsibilities as high commissioner in Iraq.
- 1926 - An oil field accident cost aviator Wiley Post his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft.
- 1926 - Arirang premiers in Seoul.
- 1928 - The Soviet Union introduces its First Five-Year Plan.
- 1931 - The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.
- 1931 - The second (and current) Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is opened in New York.
- 1936 - Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
- 1938 - Germany annexes the Sudetenland.
- 1939 - After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces entered the city.
- 1940 - The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
- 1942 - USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she was carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong
- 1942 - First flight of the Bell XP-59 "Aircomet".
- 1943 - World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.
- 1946 - Nazi leaders sentenced at Nuremberg Trials.
- 1947 - The F-86 Sabre flies for the first time.
- 1949 - The People's Republic of China is declared by Mao Zedong.
- 1957 - First appearance of "In God We Trust" on U.S. paper currency.
- 1958 - NASA created to replace NACA.
- 1960 - Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1961 - East and West Cameroon merge as Federal Republic of Cameroon.
- 1964 - The Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.
- 1964 - Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
- 1965 - Apostasia of 1965, a political move in Greece designed to overthrow the Prime Minister, George Papandreou.
- 1965 - General Suharto crushes an attempted coup in Indonesia.
- 1968 - The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
- 1969 - The Concorde supersonic transport plane breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
- 1971 - Walt Disney World opens near Orlando, Florida, United States.
- 1975 - The Seychelles gain internal self-government. The Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands and take the name Tuvalu.
- 1975 - Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
- 1978 - Tuvalu gains independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1978 - The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded.
- 1979 - The United States returns sovereignty of the Panama canal to Panama.
- 1982 - Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.
- 1982 - EPCOT Center opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
- 1982 - Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).
- 1985 - The Israeli air force bombs PLO Headquarters in Tunis.
- 1987 - The Whittier Narrows earthquake shook the San Gabriel Valley, registering as a magnitude 5.9.
- 1989 - Denmark: World's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership"
- 1992 - National Council of the Slovak Republic is arose
- 1994 - Palau gains independence from the United Nations trusteeship administered by the United States of America.
- 1998 - Vladimir Putin became a permanent member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.
- 2004 - Baseball: Seattle Mariners outfielder Ichiro Suzuki makes his 258th hit of the season, breaking George Sisler's 84-year-old single-season record.
- 2005 - Bombing kills 23 people in Bali.
- 2006 - Age discrimination in employment is made illegal in the United Kingdom.
Births
- 1207 - King Henry III of England (d. 1272)
- 1507 - Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (d. 1573)
- 1540 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (d. 1617)
- 1577 - Fidelis of Sigmaringen, Swiss friar, martyr, and saint (d. 1622)
- 1620 - Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (d. 1683)
- 1644 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
- 1671 - Guido Grandi, Italian mathematician (d. 1742)
- 1685 - Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1740)
- 1691 - Arthur Onslow, English politician (d. 1768)
- 1730 - Richard Stockton, American attorney, signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1781)
- 1760 - William Thomas Beckford, English writer and politician (d. 1844)
- 1771 - Pierre Baillot, French violinist and composer (d. 1842)
- 1791 - Sergei Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1859)
- 1800 - Lars Levi Laestadius, Swedish-born botanist and founder of Laestadianism (d. 1861)
- 1835 - Ádám Politzer, Austrian physician (d. 1920)
- 1842 - Charles Cros, French poet and inventor (d. 1888)
- 1865 - Paul Dukas, French composer (d. 1935)
- 1881 - William Boeing, American engineer (d. 1956)
- 1885 - Louis Untermeyer, American author (d. 1977)
- 1878 - Othmar Spann, Austrian philosopher and economist (d. 1950)
- 1890 - Stanley Holloway, British actor (d. 1982)
- 1896 - Liaquat Ali Khan, first Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1951)
- 1896 - Ted Healy, American actor and comedian (d. 1937)
- 1899 - Ernest Haycox, American writer (d. 1950)
- 1900 - Tom Goddard, English cricketer (d. 1966)
- 1903 - Vladimir Horowitz, Ukrainian-American pianist (d. 1989)
- 1904 - Otto Robert Frisch, Austrian-born physicist (d. 1979)
- 1904 - A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (d. 1977)
- 1909 - Maurice Bardèche, French fascist, (d. 1998)
- 1909 - Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles (d. 1998)
- 1910 - Fritz Köberle, Austrian-born physician (d. 1983)
- 1910 - José Enrique Moyal, Australian mathematical physicist (d. 1998)
- 1910 - Bonnie Parker, American outlaw (d. 1934)
- 1914 - Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian, writer, and Librarian of Congress (d. 2004)
- 1920 - Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
- 1921 - James Whitmore, American actor
- 1924 - Jimmy Carter, 39th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1924 - William Rehnquist, 16th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 2005)
- 1925 - Bob Boyd, American baseball player (d. 2004)
- 1926 - Roger Williams, American pianist
- 1927 - Tom Bosley, American actor
- 1928 - Laurence Harvey, Lithuanian-born actor (d. 1973)
- 1928 - George Peppard, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1928 - Willy Mairesse, Belgian racing driver (d. 1969)
- 1930 - Frank Gardner, Australian racing driver
- 1930 - Sir Richard Harris, Irish actor (d. 2002)
- 1930 - Naimatullah Khan, Pakistani politician
- 1930 - Philippe Noiret, French actor (d. 2006)
- 1931 - Sylvano Bussotti, Italian composer
- 1932 - Albert Collins, American guitarist (d. 1993)
- 1935 - Dame Julie Andrews, British actress and singer
- 1936 - Duncan Edwards, English footballer (d. 1958)
- 1936 - Stella Stevens, American actress
- 1939 - George Archer, American golfer (d. 2005)
- 1942 - Jean-Pierre Jabouille, French race car driver
- 1943 - Jean-Jacques Annaud, French film director
- 1943 - Angèle Arsenault, Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1943 - Jerry Martini, American saxophonist (Sly & the Family Stone)
- 1945 - Rod Carew, Panamanian-born baseball player
- 1945 - Donny Hathaway, American soul musician and composer (d. 1979)
- 1945 - Ellen McIlwaine, American singer/songwriter
- 1945 - Spider Sabich, American skier (d. 1976)
- 1946 - Tim O'Brien, American writer
- 1947 - Aaron Ciechanover, Israeli biologist
- 1947 - Stephen Collins, American actor
- 1947 - Adriano Tilgher, Italian politician
- 1947 - Mariska Veres American singer (Shocking Blue) (d. 2006)
- 1948 - Cub Koda, American singer (Brownsville Station) (d. 2000)
- 1949 - Isaac Bonewits, American author
- 1950 - Randy Quaid, American actor
- 1950 - Jeane Manson, American singer and actress
- 1952 - Jacques Martin, Canadian ice hockey coach and executive
- 1953 - John Hegley, British poet
- 1953 - Pete Falcone, American baseball player
- 1953 - Grete Waitz, Norwegian athlete
- 1954 - Martin Strel, Slovenian swimmer
- 1955 - Duško Tadić, Bosnian Serb
- 1956 - Theresa May, British politician
- 1957 - Stelios Mainas, Greek actor
- 1958 - Masato Nakamura, Japanese musician
- 1959 - Youssou N'Dour, Senegalese singer
- 1961 - Gary Ablett, Australian rules footballer
- 1961 - Robert Rey, Brazilian-American plastic surgeon and television personality
- 1962 - Esai Morales, American actor
- 1963 - Jean-Denis Délétraz, Swiss race car driver
- 1963 - Mark McGwire, American baseball player
- 1964 - Harry Hill, British comedian
- 1964 - Max Matsuura, Japanese record producer
- 1964 - Jonathan Sarfati, Australian-born chess player, scientist, and author
- 1965 - Andreas Keller, German field hockey player
- 1965 - Cindy Margolis, American model and spokesmodel
- 1965 - Cliff Ronning, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 - Christopher Titus, American actor/comedian
- 1966 - George Weah, Liberian politician and footballer
- 1966 - Cuco Ziganda, Spanish footballer
- 1967 - Scott Young, American ice hockey player
- 1967 - Mike Pringle, American football player
- 1968 - Jon Guenther, American author
- 1968 - Rob Collard, British racing driver
- 1969 - Igor Ulanov, Russian hockey player
- 1969 - Ori Kaplan, Israeli jazz musician
- 1970 - Gam Wu-seong, South Korean actor
- 1970 - Simon Davey, Barnsley football manager
- 1970 - Alexei Zhamnov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1971 - Andrew O'Keefe, Australian television personality
- 1973 - Jana Henke, German swimmer
- 1973 - Rachid Chékhémani, French runner
- 1973 - John Thomson, American baseball player
- 1974 - Mats Lindgren, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1974 - Keith Duffy, Irish singer (Boyzone) and actor
- 1975 - Chulpan Khamatova, Russian actress
- 1976 - Antonio Roybal, American painter and sculptor
- 1976 - Denis Gauthier, Canadian hockey player
- 1976 - Dora Venter, Hungarian pornographic film actress
- 1976 - Ümit Karan, Turkish footballer
- 1977 - Jeffrey van Hooydonk, Belgian race car driver
- 1978 - Andrew JC Jackson, Australian surf lifesaver
- 1978 - Leticia Cline, American model and TV Personality
- 1979 - Cameron Bruce, Australian rules footballer
- 1979 - Rudi Johnson, American football player
- 1979 - Gilberto Martínez, Costa Rican footballer
- 1979 - Marko Stanojevic, English-born Italian rugby union footballer
- 1981 - Júlio Baptista, Brazilian footballer
- 1981 - Johnny Oduya, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1981 - Arnau Riera, Spanish footballer
- 1982 - Haruna Babangida, Nigerian footballer
- 1982 - Harry Lawrence, Bath born Entrepreneur
- 1982 - Sandra Oxenryd, Swedish singer
- 1983 - Mirko Vučinić, Montenegrin footballer
- 1984 - Matt Cain, American baseball player
- 1984 - Daniel Guillén, Spanish footballer
- 1985 - Ryo Miyamori, Japanese singer
- 1985 - Revazi Zintiridis, Greek judoka
- 1986 - Jurnee Smollett, American actress
- 1986 - Sayaka, Japanese singer
- 1986 - Ricardo Vaz Té, Portuguese footballer
Deaths
- 959 - King Edwy of England
- 1040 - Alan III, Duke of Brittany (poisoned) (b. 997)
- 1189 - Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar
- 1310 - Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon (b. 1257)
- 1404 - Pope Boniface IX (b. 1356)
- 1499 - Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (b. 1433)
- 1500 - John Alcock, English Catholic bishop
- 1567 - Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (b. 1508)
- 1570 - Frans Floris, Flemish painter (b. 1520)
- 1574 - Marten Jacobszoon Heemskerk van Veen, Dutch painter (b. 1498)
- 1578 - Don John of Austria, military leader (b. 1547)
- 1588 - Blessed Edward James, Catholic martyr
- 1609 - Gianmatteo Asola, Italian composer
- 1684 - Pierre Corneille, French author (b. 1606)
- 1693 - Pedro Abarca, Spanish theologian (b. 1619)
- 1708 - John Blow, British composer (b. 1649)
- 1768 - Robert Simson, Scottish mathematician (b. 1687)
- 1837 - Robert Clark, American politician (b. 1777)
- 1838 - Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist (b. 1768)
- 1864 - Rose Greenhow, American Confederate spy (b. 1817)
- 1876 - James Lick, California land baron (b. 1796)
- 1901 - Abdur Rahman Khan, Afghan amir
- 1913 - Eugene O'Keefe, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1827)
- 1929 - Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (b. 1861)
- 1955 - Charles Christie, American film studio owner (b. 1880)
- 1958 - Robert Falk, Russian painter (b. 1886)
- 1970 - Raoul Riganti, Argentine racing driver (b. 1893)
- 1974 - Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (b. 1901)
- 1975 - Al Jackson, American drummer (Booker T. & the M.G.'s) (b. 1935)
- 1984 - Walter Alston, American baseball player and manager (b. 1911)
- 1985 - E. B. White, American author (b. 1899)
- 1988 - Sacheverell Sitwell, English writer (b. 1897)
- 1990 - Curtis LeMay, American Air Force general (b. 1906)
- 1992 - Petra Kelly, German politician (b. 1947)
- 1994 - Paul Lorenzen, German philosopher (b. 1915)
- 1996 - Pat McGeown, Provisional Irish Republican Army member (b. 1956)
- 1997 - Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (b. 1923)
- 1998 - Pauline Julien, French Canadian singer (b. 1928)
- 2000 - Robert Allen, American pianist and songwriter (b. 1928)
- 2000 - Reginald Kray, British gangster (b. 1933)
- 2001 - Guy Beaulne, French-Canadian actor and theatre director (b. 1921)
- 2001 - Kathleen Ankers, American scenic designer (b. 1919)
- 2002 - Walter Annenberg, American publisher and philanthropist (b. 1908)
- 2004 - Richard Avedon, American photographer (b. 1923)
- 2004 - Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (b. 1946)
- 2006 - Jerald Tanner, American religious activist (b. 1938)
- 2006 - André Viger, French Canadian wheelchair marathoner (b. 1952)
- 2007 - Chris Mainwaring, Australian rules footballer (b. 1965)
- 2007 - Harry Lee, Sheriff of Jefferson Parish, Louisiana (b. 1932)
- 2007 - Al Oerter, American track and field athlete (b. 1936)
- 2007 - Ned Sherrin, English broadcaster, author and stage director (b. 1931)
Holidays and observances
External links
