1925
Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
- Contents (full)
- 1 Events of 1925
- 2 Births
- 3 Deaths
- 4 Nobel prizes
- 5 Ship events
- 6 See also - Notes - External links
Events of 1925
January-February
- January 3 - Benito Mussolini (Il Duce) announces he is taking dictatorial powers over Italy.
- January 5 - Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first female governor in the United States.
- January 27–February 1 - The 1925 serum run to Nome, or the "Great Race of Mercy", relays diphtheria antitoxin by dog sled across the U.S. territory of Alaska to combat an epidemic.
- February 21 - The New Yorker magazine publishes its first issue.
- February 25 - Art Gillham records for Columbia Records the first Western Electric masters to be commercially released.
March-April
- March 4 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to have his inauguration broadcasted on radio.
- March 6 - Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded
- March 13 - Scopes Trial: A law in Tennessee prohibits the teaching of evolution.
- March 18 - The Tri-State Tornado rampaged through Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana and killed 695 people and injured 2027. It hit the towns Murphysboro, Illinois Gorham, Illinois Ellington, Missouri and Griffin, Indiana
- March 21 - Tennessee Governor Austin Peay signs the Butler Act, prohibiting the teaching of evolution in the state's public schools.
- March 31 - WOWO radio station in Ft. Wayne, Indiana begins broadcasting.
- April 1 - Frank Heath and his horse Gypsy Queen leave Washington, D.C. to begin a two-year journey to visit all 48 states.
- April 10 - F. Scott Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby
- April 16 - The Communist St Nedelya Church assault claims the lives of 150 and injures 500 in the Bulgarian capital Sofia.
May-June
- May 5 - Scopes Trial: Dayton, Tennessee, biology teacher John Scopes is arrested for teaching Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution.
- May 5 - General Election Law was passed in Japan.
- May 8 - Tom Lee rescues 32 people from the M.E. Norman, a sinking steamboat.
- May 19 - Birth of Malcolm X
- May 25 - Scopes Trial: John T. Scopes is indicted for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
- May 25 - The National Forensics League is founded.
- May 29 - Last communication from the British explorer Percy Fawcett, a telegram to his wife, before he disappears in the Amazon.
- June 1 - Percy and Florence Arrowsmith are married. This couple, who celebrated their 80th wedding anniversary June 1, 2005 (Percy aged 105, and wife Florence 100, are acknowledged by the Guinness Book of Records as record-holders for the longest marriage for a living couple and the greatest aggregate age of a married couple.
- June 6 - The Chrysler Corporation is founded by Walter Percy Chrysler.
- June 13 - Charles Francis Jenkins achieves the first synchronized transmission of pictures and sound, using 48 lines, and a mechanical system. A 10-minute film of a miniature windmill in motion is sent across 5 miles from Anacostia to Washington, DC. The images were viewed by representatives of the National Bureau of Standards, the U.S. Navy, the Commerce Department, and others. Jenkins called this "the first public demonstration of radiovision".
- June 29 - : a 6.3 earthquake destroys downtown Santa Barbara, California.
July-August
- July 10
- Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law.
- Meher Baba begins his 44 year silence.
- July 18 - Adolf Hitler publishes his personal manifesto Mein Kampf.
- July 21 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100.
- July 25 - Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
- August 14 - The original Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse is completed and goes on line.
- August 25 - French evacuation of the Ruhr region of Germany.
September-October
- September 3 - US dirigible Shenandoah breaks up en route to , St. Louis - 14 crewmen dead.
- October - Major money forgery and fraud of Alves Reis exposed in Portugal.
- October 30 - John Logie Baird creates Britain's first television transmitter.
November-December
- November 6 - Secret agent Sidney Reilly executed by the OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union.
- November 26 - Prajadhipok (Rama VII) crowned as King of Siam.
- November 28 - Country-variety show Grand Ole Opry makes its radio debut on station WSM (it would later become the longest-running live music show).
- December 16 - Alpha Phi Omega, a national service fraternity, founded at Lafayette College.
- December 16 - Colombo Radio launches in Ceylon; the station is subsequently known as Radio Ceylon.
- December 26 - The Great Sphinx of Giza is unearthed after restoration.
Undated
- Queensland introduces a 44-hour working week.
- New York City becomes the largest city in the world, taking the lead from London.[1]
- Thompson submachine gun sells for $175 in the 1925 Sears, Roebuck and Company mail order catalog.
- Vladimir Zworykin takes out the first patent for colour television.
- Introduction of London's first Double-decker buses.
- The Royal Tweed Bridge in Berwick-upon-Tweed, England, is completed.
- The National Football League adds five teams: New York Giants, Detroit Panthers, Providence Steam Roller, a new Canton Bulldogs team, and Pottsville Maroons
- The Shueisha Publishing Company is founded.
- Scotch Tape is invented.
- Brisbane City Council is created from the amalgamation of 20 smaller cities, towns and shires.
Births
January-February
- January 6 - John De Lorean, American car maker (d. 2005)
- January 7 - Gerald Durrell, British naturalist, zookeeper, author, and television presenter (d. 1995)
- January 8 - Helmuth Hubener, Youth political activist against the Hitler regime (d. 1942)
- January 11 - Grant Tinker, American television executive
- January 14 - Yukio Mishima, Japanese writer (d. 1970)
- January 25 - Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (d. 1995)
- January 26 - Paul Newman, American actor
- January 30 - Dorothy Malone, American actress
- February 3 - Leon Schlumpf, Swiss Federal Councillor
- February 8 - Jack Lemmon, American actor and film director (d. 2001)
- February 11 - Kim Stanley, American actress (d. 2001)
- February 17
- Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor (d. 2003)
- Hal Holbrook, American actor
- February 18 - George Kennedy, American actor
- February 20 - Robert Altman, American film director (d. 2006)
- February 21 - Sam Peckinpah, American director (d. 1984)
- February 27 - Samuel Dash, American Congressional counsel (d. 2004)
March-April
- March 4 - Paul Mauriat, French musician (d. 2006)
- March 12 - Leo Esaki, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 16 - Luis E. Miramontes, Mexican chemist (d. 2004)
- March 23 - David Watkin, British cinematographer
- March 25 - Flannery O'Connor, American writer (d. 1964)
- March 26 - Pierre Boulez, French composer
- April 4 - Fariza Magomadova, Chechen teacher
- April 14
- Gene Ammons, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1974)
- Rod Steiger, American actor (d. 2002)
- April 20 - Ernie Stautner, German-born American football player (d. 2006)
- April 22 - George Cole, British actor
- April 24 - Eugen Weber, Romanian-born historian
- April 25 - Kay E. Kuter, American actor (d. 2003)
May-June
- May 2 - Yogi Berra, baseball player
- May 4 - Maurice R. Greenberg, American businessman
- May 5 - Charles Chaplin Jr., American actor (d. 1968)
- May 19 - Pol Pot, Cambodian Khmer Rouge leader (d. 1998)
- May 19 - Malcolm X, American civil rights activist (d. 1965)
- May 22 - James King, American tenor (d. 2005)
- May 23 - Joshua Lederberg, American molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- May 25 - Jeanne Crain, American actress (d. 2003)
- May 28 - Pavel Štěpán, Czech pianist (d. 1998)
- June 3 - Tony Curtis, American actor
- June 8 - Barbara Bush, First Lady of the United States
- June 11 - William Styron, American writer (d. 2006)
- June 14 - Pierre Salinger, White House Press Secretary (d. 2004)
- June 21 - Maureen Stapleton, American actress (d. 2006)
July-August
- July 1 - Farley Granger, American actor
- July 6
- Merv Griffin, American game show developer and host (d. 2007)
- Bill Haley, American musician (Bill Haley & His Comets) (d. 1981)
- July 10 - Mahathir bin Mohamad, fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia
- July 28 - Baruch S. Blumberg, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- July 29 - Mikis Theodorakis, Greek composer
- July 30 - Alexander Trocchi, Scottish writer (d. 1984)
- August 3 - Dom Um Romão, Brazilian jazz drummer
- August 7 - M. S. Swaminathan, Indian scientist
- August 8 - Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (d. 2003)
- August 9 - David A. Huffman, American computer scientist (d. 1999)
- August 11 - Mike Douglas, American entertainer (d. 2006)
- August 12
- Norris McWhirter (d. 2004) and his twin brother,
- Ross McWhirter (d. 1975), Scottish co-founders of the Guinness Book of Records
- August 15
- Oscar Peterson, Canadian jazz pianist
- Bill Pinkney, American performer and singer (b. 2007)
- August 21 - Maurice Pialat, French actor and director (d. 2003)
- August 25 - Thea Astley, Australian writer (d. 2004)
- August 26 - Jack Hirshleifer, American economist (d. 2005)
- August 27 - Nat Lofthouse, English footballer
- August 28 - Donald O'Connor, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 2003)
- August 30 - Laurent de Brunhoff, French writer and illustrator
September-October
- September 7 - Laura Ashley, Welsh designer (d. 1985)
- September 8 - Peter Sellers, English comedian and actor (d. 1980)
- September 10 - Boris Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (d. 1996)
- September 16
- Charles Haughey, sixth Taoiseach (head of government of the Republic of Ireland) (d. 2006)
- B. B. King, American guitarist
- September 23 - Denis Twitchett, Cambridge scholar, and Chinese historian (d. 2006)
- September 24 - Autar Singh Paintal, Indian medical scientist (d. 2004)
- September 25 - Paul B. MacCready, Jr., American aeronautical engineer (d. 2007)
- September 28 -
- Arnold Stang, American actor
- Cromwell Everson, South African composer
- October 11 - Elmore Leonard, American novelist
- October 13 - Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- October 16 - Angela Lansbury, English actress
- October 20
- Art Buchwald, American humorist and columnist (d. 2007)
- Gene Wood, American game show announcer (d. 2004)
- October 23 - Johnny Carson, American comedian and television host (d. 2005)
- October 24
- Luciano Berio, Italian composer (d. 2003)
- Al Feldstein, American artist and comic book creator
- October 27 - Albert Medwin, American inventor
- October 31 - John Pople, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
November-December
- November 10 - Richard Burton, Welsh actor (d. 1984)
- November 11 - Jonathan Winters, American actor and comedian
- November 18 - Gene Mauch, baseball manager (d. 2005)
- November 20 - Robert Kennedy, American politician and Attorney General of the United States (d. 1968)
- November 24
- William F. Buckley, Jr., American journalist, author, and commentator
- Simon van der Meer, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- November 26 - Eugene Istomin, American pianist (d. 2003)
- November 27 - John Maddox, Welsh science writer
- November 30 - William H. Gates, Sr., American attorney, father of Bill Gates
- December 1 - Martin Rodbell, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1998)
- December 8 - Sammy Davis Jr., American singer, dancer, musician, and actor (d. 1990)
- December 11 - Paul Greengard, American neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- December 12 - Vladimir Shainsky, Soviet and Russian composer
- December 13 - Dick Van Dyke, American actor, singer, dancer and comedian
- December 14 - Gloria Malgarini, American actress
- December 19 - Robert B. Sherman, American songwriter
- date unknown - Godrej Sidhwa, Pakistani theologist.
Deaths
January - March
- January 4 - Nellie Cashman, Irish-born actress (b. 1845)
- January 8 - George Bellows, American artist (b. 1882)
- January 14 - Camille Decoppet, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1852)
- January 31 - George Washington Cable, American writer (b. 1844)
- February 2 - Jaap Eden, Dutch speed skater (b. 1873)
- February 3 - Oliver Heaviside, English mathematician (b. 1850)
- February 4 - Robert Koldewey, German architect and archaeologist (b. 1855)
- February 10 - Aristide Bruant, French singer and nightclub owner (b. 1851)
- February 18 - James Lane Allen, American writer (b. 1849)
- February 24 - Hjalmar Branting, Prime Minister of Sweden, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1860)
- February 25 - Louis Feuillade, French silent film director (b. 1873)
- February 28 - Friedrich Ebert, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1871)
- March 2 - Luigj Gurakuqi, Albanian freedom fighter (assassinated) (b. 1879)
- March 4
- Moritz Moszkowski, Polish composer (b. 1854)
- John Montgomery Ward, baseball player (b. 1860)
- March 7 - Georgy Evgenyevich Lvov, Prime Minister of Russia (b. 1861)
- March 12 - Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary (b. 1866)
- March 14 - Walter Camp, American football coach (b. 1859)
- March 20 - George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, Viceroy of India (b. 1859)
- March 25 - Tikhon of Moscow, Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church (b. 1865)
- March 28 - Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson, British general (b. 1864)
April - June
- April 6 - Alexandra Kitchin, British model for Lewis Carroll (b. 1864)
- April 14 - John Singer Sargent, American artist (b. 1856)
- April 15 - Fritz Haarmann, German serial killer (b. 1879)
- April 19 - John Walter Smith, American politician (b. 1845)
- April 22 - André Caplet, French composer and conductor (b. 1878)
- May 2
- Johann Palisa, Austrian astronomer (b. 1848)
- Antun Branko Simic, Croatian poet (b. 1898)
- May 10 - William Massey, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b.1856)
- May 12
- Amy Lowell, American poet (b. 1874)
- Charles Mangin, French general (b. 1866)
- May 14 - H. Rider Haggard, English writer (b. 1856)
- May 20 - Elias M. Ammons, Governor of Colorado (b. 1860)
- May 22 - John French, 1st Earl of Ypres, British World War I field marshal (b. 1852)
- June 1 - Thomas R. Marshall, Vice President of the United States (b. 1854)
- June 2 - James Ellsworth, American mine owner and banker (b. 1849)
- June 16 - Emmett Hardy, American jazz cornetist (b. 1903)
- June 18 - Robert M. La Follette, Sr., American politician (b. 1855)
- June 22 - Felix Klein, German mathematician (b. 1849)
- June 29 - Christian Michelsen, Prime Minister of Norway (b. 1857)
July - September
- July 1 - Erik Satie, French composer (b. 1866)
- July 7 - Clarence Hudson White American photographer (b.. 1871)
- July 26
- Antonio Ascari, Italian race car driver (b. 1888)
- William Jennings Bryan, American lawyer and politician (b. 1860)
- Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and philosopher (b. 1848)
- August 17 - Ioan Slavici, Romanian writer (b. 1848)
- August 25 - Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austrian field marshal (b. 1852)
- September 7 - René Viviani, Prime Minister of France (b. 1863)
- September 16 - Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman, Russian mathematician (b. 1888)
- September 29 - Léon Bourgeois, French statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1851)
October - December
- October 7 - Christy Mathewson, baseball player (b. 1880)
- October 31
- Mikhail Frunze, Russian Bolshevik leader (b. 1885)
- Max Linder, French silent film actor (b. 1883)
- November 20 - Alexandra of Denmark, queen of Edward VII of the United Kingdom (b. 1844)
- November 25 - King Vajiravudh of Siam (b. 1880)
- December 5 - Wladyslaw Reymont, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
- December 9 - Pablo Iglesias, co-founder of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (b. 1850)
- December 15 - Battling Siki, Senegalese boxer (b. 1897)
- December 19 - Jose Ignacio Quinton, Puerto Rican composer and pianist (b. 1881)
- December 21 - Jules Méline, Prime Minister of France (b. 1838)
- December 22 - Alice Heine, American wife of Albert I of Monaco (b. 1858)
- December 25 - Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst (b. 1877)
- December 28 - Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin, Russian lyrical poet (b. 1895)
Nobel prizes
- Physics - James Franck and Gustav Ludwig Hertz
- Chemistry - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy
- Physiology or Medicine - not awarded
- Literature - George Bernard Shaw
- Peace - Austen Chamberlain and Charles Gates Dawes