Pleurodema
Pleurodema is a genus of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae. The genus is endemic to South America. Species in the genus Pleurodema are sometimes known under the common name four-eyed frogs,[1] although this common name can also refer to a particular species, Pleurodema bibroni.[1] The common name is a reference to two inguinal poison glands that resemble eyes.[2] When threatened, the frog lowers its head and raises its rear. When the frog adopts this posture, the poison glands are also raised toward the predator. The predator may also confuse the frog's raised posterior for the head of a larger animal.[3]
Species
The genus contains the following 15 species:[1]
- Pleurodema alium Maciel & Nunes, 2010
- Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi, 1838
- Pleurodema borellii (Peracca, 1895)
- Pleurodema brachyops (Cope, 1869)
- Pleurodema bufoninum Bell, 1843
- Pleurodema cinereum Cope, 1878
- Pleurodema cordobae Valetti, Salas & Martino, 2009
- Pleurodema diplolister (W. Peters, 1870)
- Pleurodema guayapae Barrio, 1964
- Pleurodema kriegi (L. Müller, 1926)
- Pleurodema marmoratum (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
- Pleurodema nebulosum (Burmeister, 1861)
- Pleurodema somuncurense (Cei, 1969)
- Pleurodema thaul (Lesson, 1827)
- Pleurodema tucumanum H. Parker, 1927
References
- ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Pleurodema Tschudi, 1838". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
- ^ "Species profile: four-eyed frog". Conservacion Patagonic. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
- ^ Duellman, William E. (1994). Biology of Amphibians. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 670. ISBN 9780801847806.
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