Umbra (fish)
Umbra is a genus of mudminnows native to Europe and North America. It is the only extant member of the family Umbridae.
Phylogenetic evidence suggests the North American and European clades split between the Late Cretaceous or early Paleogene, making this a rather ancient group.[1]
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:[2]
- Umbra krameri Walbaum, 1792 (European mudminnow)
- Umbra limi (Kirtland, 1840) (central mudminnow)
- Umbra pygmaea (DeKay, 1842) (eastern mudminnow)
The following fossil species are also known:
- †Umbra euronota Schwarzhans et al., 2024 - Middle Miocene of Ukraine [otolith][3]
- †Umbra irtyshensis Sytchevskaya, 1968[4]
- †Umbra longidorsalis Böhme, 2004 - Early Miocene of the Czech Republic (Most Formation)[5]
- †Umbra oderiensis Oberhlová, 1978 - Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of the Czech Republic[5]
- †Umbra praekrameri Weinfurter, 1950 - Late Miocene of Austria [otolith][3]
- †Umbra prochazkai Oberhlová, 1978 - Late Oligocene of the Czech Republic[1][5]
Indeterminate Umbra scales are known from the Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of the Czech Republic.[6]
References
- ^ a b Marić, Saša; Stanković, David; Wanzenböck, Josef; Šanda, Radek; Erős, Tibor; Takács, Péter; Specziár, András; Sekulić, Nenad; Bănăduc, Doru; Ćaleta, Marko; Trombitsky, Ilya; Galambos, László; Sipos, Sándor; Snoj, Aleš (2017-05-01). "Phylogeography and population genetics of the European mudminnow (Umbra krameri) with a time-calibrated phylogeny for the family Umbridae". Hydrobiologia. 792 (1): 151–168. doi:10.1007/s10750-016-3051-9. ISSN 1573-5117.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Umbra". FishBase. February 2012 version.
- ^ a b Schwarzhans, Werner; Klots, Oleksandr; Kovalchuk, Oleksandr; Dubikovska, Anastasiia; Ryabokon, Tamara; Kovalenko, Volodymyr (2024-09-08). "Life on a Miocene barrier reef – fish communities and environments in the Medobory backreef". Palaeontologia Electronica. 27 (3): 1–44. doi:10.26879/1429. ISSN 1094-8074.
- ^ Nelson, Gareth J.; Nelson, Gareth J. (1972). Cephalic sensory canals, pitlines, and the classification of esocoid fishes, with notes on galaxiids and other teleosts. Vol. 2492. New York, N.Y: American Museum of Natural History.
- ^ a b c Kvacek, Zlatko; Rajchl; Bohme; Dvorak; Mach; Prokop; Konzalova (2004). "Early Miocene freshwater and swamp ecosystems of the Most Basin (northern Bohemia) with particular reference to the Bilina Mine section". Journal of Geosciences. 49 (1–2): 1–40. ISSN 1802-6222.
- ^ Kvaček, Z.; Teodoridis, V.; Mach, K.; Přikryl, T.; Dvořák, Z. (2013-12-12). "Tracing the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia". Bulletin of Geosciences. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1411. ISSN 1802-8225.